The first Maccaferri gabion retaining structure was built in 1893 along the River Reno in Italy. The long history of use in dry land retaining structures as well as in hydraulic works has demonstrated the advantages of gabions over other wall systems and represents the reliability and reassurance Maccaferri offers its clients. Over time, design standards and approaches have changed. What has not altered is the ability of Maccaferri's gabions to perform as designed; fundamentally the structural stability and integrity, but in addition the capability to integrate in with the environment.

The advantages and characteristics of gabions are:

• Monolithic - Distributes forces across the wall
• Flexible - Can deform and still maintain its function
• Permeable - High voids prevent hydrostatic pressure development
• Durable - Advanced coating technology to achieve design life
• Versatile - Easy to shape to match the local site conditions
• Environmentally friendly - Built using stone that can form part of the ecosystem

The design and analysis of Maccaferri gabion walls can now be carried out using Maccaferri Gawac design software that incorporates wall data calibrated from laboratory and full scale tests performed in partnership with the University of Bologna.

Maccaferri gabions do not require a skilled labour force or special equipment and can incorporate stone fill sourced locally. Simple tools are usually needed such as pliers and crowbars. Rapid construction with immediate use of the completed gabion structure is possible together with the possibility to easily change or enlarge the structure.

Bidim A29 geotextile as recommended in TNZ F/7(2003) to meet Filtration Class 1 and Strength Class C is used as a separator and for filtration behind gabion walls.